Every cost driver, explained
Pitch
Up to about 6:12 a crew can walk the roof. From 7:12 up, they need roof jacks, planks and staging, and production drops. Expect roughly 10–15% added labour at 7:12–9:12 and 20–30% above 10:12. Steeper roofs also have more surface area than the footprint suggests, so both the quantity and the rate go up.
Storeys and access
A two-storey means longer ladders, more staging, a taller debris drop and slower material handling. A three-storey infill on a narrow lot with no rear lane access can add $1,000–$2,500 in handling alone. Tight side yards, mature trees, and landscaping that has to be protected all cost time.
Layers of tear-off
One layer is priced into the ranges above. A second layer typically adds $0.55–$0.95 per sq ft — roughly $1,100–$1,900 on a 20-square roof — because it is double the labour and double the tonnage to the landfill. Natural Resources Canada’s Keeping the Heat In guidance is blunt about this: when installing new shingles it is typically recommended to remove the existing ones, because adding a layer increases the load on the roof structure.
Sheathing replacement
You cannot know what is under the shingles until they are off. Budget for some. Typical Calgary rates run $95–$150 per 4x8 sheet of plywood or OSB, installed. Older homes with 1x6 board sheathing and spaced gaps often need full re-sheathing, which on a 20-square roof is $6,000–$9,500 on top of the roof. Get the per-sheet rate in writing before work starts — that is the single most common source of change-order disputes.
Ventilation
NRCan sets the working rule for a peaked roof with an accessible attic: an unobstructed vent area to insulated ceiling area ratio of 1 to 300, ideally with about 50% of that as continuous soffit intake and 50% as ridge, gable or roof vents. Most 1970s and 1980s Calgary homes are short on intake because insulation has been blown into the eaves. Correcting it means baffles, possibly new soffit venting, and $400–$1,500 in added scope. It is worth it — NRCan notes a well-sealed, well-insulated attic produces a cool roof and generally will not form ice dams.
Flashing
Chimneys, sidewalls, valleys, skylights, plumbing stacks and roof-to-wall transitions. Reusing old flashing to save $600 is how a $14,000 roof leaks in year three. Budget $550–$2,000 depending on how many transitions the house has. Skylight replacement, if the units are original, is $900–$2,200 each and is far cheaper done now than after the shingles are on.
Waste disposal
A 20-square asphalt tear-off produces roughly 4,000–5,000 lb of shingle waste. Bin rental and landfill tipping typically account for $600–$1,400 of the job. Two layers roughly doubles it.
Permits
Straight like-for-like re-roofing of a house in Calgary generally does not require a building permit. The City’s regulation bulletin RB06-040 lists re-roofing, eavestroughing and flashing among maintenance work that normally does not require one — but it also states clearly that re-roofing with a material heavier than the original, such as concrete tile over asphalt shingles, does require a permit because of the increased dead load. Going from asphalt to a heavier system is a permit conversation.